Jakarta is the capital and largest city in Indonesia. Jakarta
has been known by several names. It was called Sunda Kelapa during the period
of the Sunda Kingdom and Jayakarta, Djajakarta, or Jacatra during the brief
period of the Sultanate of Banten. After that, Jakarta developed in three
stages. "The Old City of Jakarta", which was close to the sea to the
north, flourished between 1619 and 1799 in the VOC era. The "new
city" in the south developed between 1809 and 1942 after the Dutch
government took control of Batavia from a failed VOC whose rent had ended in
1799. The third was the development of modern Jakarta since the proclamation of
independence in 1945. Under Dutch rule, it was known as Batavia (1619-1949),
and Djakarta (in Dutch) or Jakarta, during the Japanese occupation and modern
times.Jakarta began as a small city at the mouth of the Ciliwung River some 500
years ago. Over the centuries later the city developed into a bustling
international trade center. Early knowledge about Jakarta was gathered a little
through various inscriptions found in the city area. Information about the city
of Jakarta until the beginning of the arrival of European explorers can be said
to be very little.
Reports of 16th-century European writers mention a city
called Kalapa, which seems to be the main port for a Hindu kingdom named Sunda,
the capital of Pajajaran, located about 40 kilometers inland, close to the
present city of Bogor. The Portuguese were the first large group of Europeans
to come to the town of Kalapa. The city was then attacked by a young age, named
Fatahillah, from a kingdom adjacent to Kalapa. Fatahillah changed the name
Sunda Kalapa to Jayakarta on June 22 1527. This date is now celebrated as the
birthday of the city of Jakarta. The Dutch came at the end of the 16th century
and later ruled Jayakarta. The name Jayakarta was changed to Batavia. The
swampy nature of Batavia is similar to that of the Netherlands, their homeland.
They also built canals to protect Batavia from the threat of flooding. The
activities of the city administration are centered around a field located about
500 meters from the city. They built an elegant city hall, which was the seat
of the Batavian city government. Over time the city of Batavia developed
towards the south. Rapid growth resulted in the environment being damaged
quickly, thus forcing the Dutch authorities to move the center of government
activity to a higher area. This area is called Weltevreden. The spirit of Indonesian
nationalism was echoed by students in Batavia at the beginning of the 20th
century. A historic decision made in 1928, namely the Youth Pledge, consisted
of three statements, namely one-watered land, one nation, and upheld the
language of unity: Indonesia.
During the Japanese occupation
(1942-1945), the name Batavia was changed to Jakarta. On August 17, 1945 Ir.
Sukarno read the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence in Jakarta and Sang
Saka Merah Putih for the first time being raised. Indonesian sovereignty was
officially recognized in 1949. At that time Indonesia also became a member of
the United Nations (UN). In 1966, Jakarta gained the official name of the
Capital of the Republic of Indonesia. This boosted the pace of construction of
government office buildings and embassies of friendly countries. Rapid
development requires a master plan to regulate the growth of Jakarta. Since
1966, Jakarta has steadily developed into a modern metropolis. Cultural
richness and dynamic growth is an important contribution for Jakarta to become
one of the leading metropolitan areas in the 21st century.
a. 14th century named Sunda Kelapa as the port of
the Kingdom of Pajajaran.
b. June 22, 1527 by Fatahilah, renamed Jayakarta
(the date was designated as the anniversary of the city of Jakarta by the
decision of the temporary city DPR No. 6 / D / K / 1956).
c. March 4, 1621 by the Dutch for the first time a
city government named Stad Batavia.
d. April 1, 1905 changes its name to 'Gemeente
Batavia'.
e. January 8, 1935 changes its name to Stad
Gemeente Batavia.
f. August 8, 1942 by Japan the name was changed to
Jakarta Toko Betsu Shi.
g. September
1945 the Jakarta city government is named the Jakarta City National Government.
h. February 20, 1950 in the reign. Pre Federal
changed its name to Stad Gemeente Batavia.
i. March 24, 1950 was changed to the City of Praj'a
Jakarta. January 18, 1958 Jakarta's position as an autonomous region is called
the City of Djakarta Raya.
j. 1961 with PP No. 2 of 1961 jo Law No. 2 PNPS
1961 was formed by the Special Capital Region Government of Greater Jakarta.
k. August 31, 1964 with Law No. 10 of 1964 declared
the Special Capital Region of Greater Jakarta to remain as the Capital of the
Republic of Indonesia under the name Jakarta.
l. In 1999, through Law No. 34 of 1999 concerning
the provincial government of the Special Capital Region of the Republic of
Indonesia, Jakarta, the name of the regional government was changed to the
provincial government of DKI Jakarta. (5 municipal areas and one thousand
island administrative districts)
Nama : Deni Saputra (195610101)
Dimas
Yasin A. (195610104)
Nurul
Khasanah (195610081)
Valentinus
Firsta A. P. (195610096)
